Literature Review Professional Development Plan

Question: Discuss about theLiterature Reviewfor Professional Development Plan. Answer: Literature Review It would be correct to say that teachers are the building block for any society. It is important that teachers should be learned and well educated so that they can impart the same education to students. The industry is changing and teachers have to often work under the frequent changing parameters. Therefore, it is important that teaches must have a plat to continuously upgrade their knowledge. The professional development of teachers is an integral part of teachers self-development. Gonzales Lambert (2014) argued that the development of students directly depend on the skills and knowledge of teachers. Hence, it would make sense to have a professional development plan for teachers in place. It is also important that the professional development plan for teachers should be flexible enough to change with the change in internal or external parameters. The professional development plan for teachers should focus on both internal and external factors. The internal factors would include th e motivation level of teachers, the exposure of teachers, etc. The external factors would include the vision of the organizations, role played by teachers, etc. Van den Bergh Ros (2014) highlighted that professional development of teachers can happen only when the organizations have a training and development plan in place. It is recommended that there should be a training and development plan for teachers. The training and development plan should be followed by an assessment. The assessment would ensure that the professional development plan for teachers is able to meet its goals and objectives. At the same time, it is important to mention that developing and implementing of training and development plan is only aspect of professional development plan for teachers. The second critical aspect is the participation from teachers. The training and development plan under professional development plan for teachers would not be able to achieve its objective if teachers are not motivated to participate in the training programs. Therefore, it is important that teachers should be motivated to participate in training programs. There could be various ways to keep teachers motivated. Gregory Allen (2014) highlighted that the participation in the training and development plan should be linked with the monetary benefits. When it comes to motivation, monetary benefits always attract people. Therefore, it would make sense to keep teachers motivated through monetary benefits. Stewart (2014) argued that the ultimate objective of colleges is to increase and optimize students performance. The performance of student, in turn, depends on the knowledge and education impart to them. It is correct that self-learning and self-development is an important part of self-development. However, the knowledge and education imparted to students in colleges and universities is also critical for student development. The quality of education and knowledge that is imparted in the colleges and universities depends a lot on the skills and competencies of teachers. Therefore, it is recommended that efforts should be made to continuously improve the skill level of teachers. There could be traditional or contemporary method of skills and competencies development for teachers. It can be said that the approach of professional development is more of a contemporary or modern approach of professional development (DeMonte, 2013). The approach of professional development should also focus on understanding the current status of the skills and competencies of teachers. The plan for development should be based on the current skills and competencies of teachers. It is also important that the professional development plan should be flexible in nature. It means that there should be provision of change in the professional development plan. Gamrat Zimmerman (2014) highlighted that the implementation of professional development plan would be successful only when teachers involvement is high. It is recommended that teachers should be involved from start to end. The input of teachers should be collected while developing the framework for training. The inputs of teacher at the initial phase would also ensure that the motivation level of teachers remain high. One of the ways to make professional development plan successful would be to take feedback from teachers at regular time interval. The feedback should be used to bring further improvisations in the professional development plan. It is recommended that the feedback should be documented in the system so that continuous improvements could be made in the professional development plan. References DeMonte, J., 2013. High-Quality Professional Development for Teachers: Supporting Teacher Training to Improve Student Learning.Center for American Progress. Gamrat, C., Zimmerman, H.T., Dudek, J. and Peck, K., 2014. Personalized workplace learning: An exploratory study on digital badging within a teacher professional development program.British journal of educational technology,45(6), pp.1136-1148. Gregory, A., Allen, J.P., Mikami, A.Y., Hafen, C.A. and Pianta, R.C., 2014. Effects of a professional development program on behavioral engagement of students in middle and high school.Psychology in the Schools,51(2), pp.143-163. Gonzales, S. and Lambert, L., 2014. Teacher leadership in professional development schools: Emerging conceptions, identities, and practices.Journal of School Leadership,11(1), pp.6-24. Stewart, C., 2014. Transforming professional development to professional learning.Journal of Adult Education,43(1), p.28. Van den Bergh, L., Ros, A. and Beijaard, D., 2014. Improving teacher feedback during active learning: Effects of a professional development program.American educational research journal,51(4), pp.772-809.

Principle Economic Indicators Essays - National Accounts

Principle Economic Indicators The million (or should we say 'billion' now) dollar question is whether or not the United States' economy will stay in it's record 107 month expansion (according to the index of leading indicators) or come out of the boom and take a downturn into a recession. Nobody, including the Chairman of the Federal Reserve, Alan Greenspan has a crystal ball to provide insight as to what will happen if interest rates are raised, lowered, or left alone. However, Economists have developed a set of indicators to aid in predicting when a recession is about to occur and when the economy is in one. Indicators should not be mistaken for predictors. They are simply forecasting tools, and like any forecast can be misleading. The index of leading indicators that is reported in the popular press shows our economy is still in an expansion. For the purposes of our evaluation of the economy, we chose the Principle Economic Indicators tracked by the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the U.S. Census Bureau under the Economics and Statistics Administration at the U.S. Department of Commerce. There are thirteen Principle Economic Indicators, and they fall into five major categories: National Output and Income; Orders, Sectoral Production, and Inventories; Consumer Spending; Housing and Construction; and Foreign Trade. National Output and Income The first of the five major categories directly relates to measuring the growth of the U.S. economy. National Output and Income consists of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Personal Income, and Corporate Profits measurements. GDP is the primary measurement of growth and measures the total amount of goods and services produced by governments, businesses, people, and property located within the United States. Both real (adjusted for inflation) and nominal (current value in dollars) data is collected for computing the GDP. The base year for the real data is 1997. The GDP is normally reported as an annualized quarter-to-quarter change. The reason this measurement is vital to tracking the growth of the U.S. economy is self-explanatory. When the economy is growing, both total income and total output are increasing. Furthermore, a steady increase in the GDP is healthy for the economy. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. economic output has grown at an annual rate of 2.5 to 3 .5 percent since 1890. The preliminary estimate of GDP in the fourth quarter of 1999 rose at a 6.9 percent annual rate, which is the strongest gain since a similar increase in mid-1996. This is an increase from the initial estimate of 5.8 percent and is consistent with the expectations of analysts. It is also a reflection of the widespread upward increases among the major spending components, including consumer spending, goods exported, and state and local government spending. In the third quarter of 1999, GDP rose 5.7% as a result of increases in Personal Consumption Expenditures, nonresidential fixed investment, and exports. Personal Income is a measurement of total pretax income earned by individuals, non-profit organizations, and private trust funds. It is expressed at an annual rate also. The more Personal Income increases the greater the potential for the American people to spend and save money, which directly influences the growth of the U.S. economy. Personal Income rose .7 percent in January, following an increase of .3 percent in December. The average monthly increases in 1999 were .5 percent. Some extenuating factors affected income in recent months, including cost of living increases in federal transfer payments, a federal pay raise, and agricultural subsidy payments in January. Real disposable income, income after taxes and adjusted for price changes, increased by .7 percent. There was no change in December. The individual personal saving rate rose from 1 percent in December, which was its low, to 1.4 percent in January. Savings rates generally go down in the months October through May due to Holiday spending (includes paying off credit cards). There are two methods in which Corporate Profits are reported by the government. Tax-based profits are derived from corporate tax returns, and adjusted profits reflect earnings from current production. Just as increases in Personal Income are vital to the growth of the U.S economy, increases in Corporate Profits are just as important on an even larger scale. The greater the profits, the more

Learning From NatureEssay Sample

Learning From NatureEssay SampleAn essay or report may be a hard thing to write, but with some assistance from an essay sample, it can be even harder. Because of this, you should always keep one thing in mind when you are writing any kind of essay or report. In this article, we will discuss what your essay sample should contain and the resources that you can use to make it more enjoyable.First of all, when you are looking for a guide to writing an essay or report, do not forget to look at the many resources that are available, such as the nature essay sample review. These resources should not only show you how to write an essay, but they will also help you develop your own style. One of the best ways to get an idea of how the essay sample should be written is to read a sample that you like. This is because you can easily see if the style of writing that you like will work well with the tone of the essay sample or if the reader will find it annoying.When you are looking for a sample t o start with, you should always consider the types of topics that you are dealing with. Because these topics have different themes, the essay sample that you use should help you get an idea of the type of topics that you will be dealing with. You should also think about whether or not you want a report, an essay, or a thesis based on this topic. Since the nature of an essay can be very broad, there is no right or wrong answer for this question. But you should definitely choose the right kind of writing that will fit the theme of the essay or report.When you are thinking about a topic for your essay sample, you should also think about the direction that you want to take with the essay. For example, if you choose to use nature as a theme, you will have to include many different elements in your essay. For example, you might choose to use illustrations, audio clips, and music to help the reader get involved in the information that you are including. You should also make sure that the a udience is going to get to learn something. This means that the essay sample must be very engaging and interesting, but it must also contain facts and information that will benefit the reader.Because writing can be such a daunting task, you should also take the time to find out what type of writing you like best. This will help you in choosing an essay or report that is appropriate for you. If you enjoy descriptive writing, then you will most likely enjoy creating an essay that will tell the reader just how they should feel when reading the piece. If you like essays that are very detailed, then you should learn how to create an essay that is very readable and informative at the same time.Writing is not just about writing. While that is one aspect of the writing that everyone should focus on, it is also important to understand that the type of writing that you enjoy most can have a big impact on the way that you will handle your writing. If you enjoy writing stories, then you should also enjoy knowing how to write an essay that is great for a class project. You should also take the time to study what types of stories are best for your personal needs.As long as you are a good writer, you should feel that you can manage a few people who are willing to critique your writing. If you are worried about this, you should know that your writing can be helped by the group of people that you will work with. If you do not feel comfortable about working with a group of people, then you should know that a nature essay sample is perfect for this.Writing is an important skill to have, so make sure that you make time to study. Reading from an essay sample can help you learn about what you need to know about writing an essay or report.

Five stages of dying Essays

Five stages of dying Essays Five stages of dying Paper Five stages of dying Paper Essay Topic: As I Lay Dying Thanatology, or the study of death and dying, has gone through significant growth since the 1950s, when Herman Feifels â€Å"Meanings of Death† was introduced to the behavioral science field. Before then, dying and death were mainly the concerns of poets and mystics. Death was considered a word to be avoided as much as possible by physicians, and as a topic of restriction even by psychologists. Since that time the research and writings of Robert Fulton, Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, among others, have helped to make thanatology a serious area of scientific research and discussion. Even though all dying people do not show a terminal drop in their abilities and actions, many of them do realize when they are about to die (Kalish Reynolds, 1981). This epiphany affects different people in different ways. People who no longer want to live may give up without putting on a fight and die fairly quickly. When they lose their will to survive, they embrace death as the ultimate solution to all their problems. Another group of severely ill people are those those who find themselves unable to cope with the pain and frustration of long term illness but are also afraid of death itself, continually battling between a desire to live and a wish to die. This constant conflict between dying and living is worsened when the person has one or more dependents but is afraid of becoming a burden on them. : Even when they are not told directly by a family member, a friend, a doctor or a nurse, a large majority of terminally ill patients realize that they are going to die in the very near future. They sense it in the changes in their bodies and the attitudes of other people. Consequently, an honest report on the part of others frequently comes as no surprise but simply confirms what the patient suspected all along (Kubler-Ross, 1969). Whether they desire to die sooner or later, it is generally acknowledged that people can, through their own attitudes and behavior, either hasten or delay their own death. Having accepted the fact that death is imminent, they may even decide on a particular time for it to occur. Stages in Dying The stage theory of Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, as well as of many other researchers, is related to the time, dimension of the dying process. Kubler-Rosss (1969) stage theory was formulated from an analysis of her interviews with over 200 dying patients. She argued that it is important for health workers and families of dying patients to be observant and aware of these progressive stages.

History of the 1948 Olympic Games in London

History of the 1948 Olympic Games in London Since the Olympic Games had not been held in either 1940 or 1944 because of World War II, there was much debate as to whether or not to hold the 1948 Olympic Games at all. Ultimately, the 1948 Olympic Games (also known as the XIV Olympiad) were held, with a few post-war modifications, from July 28 to August 14, 1948. These Austerity Games turned out to be very popular and a great success.   Fast Facts Official Who Opened the Games:  British King George VIPerson Who Lit the Olympic Flame:  British runner  John MarkNumber of Athletes:  4,104 (390 women, 3,714 men)Number of Countries:  59 countriesNumber of Events:  136 Post-War Modifications When it was announced that  the Olympic Games would be resumed, many debated whether it was wise to have a festival when many European countries were in ruins and the people near starvation. To limit the United Kingdoms responsibility to feed all the athletes, it was agreed that the participants would bring their own food. Surplus food was donated to British hospitals. No new facilities were built for these Games, but the Wembley Stadium had survived the war and proved adequate. No Olympic Village was erected; the male athletes were housed at an army camp in Uxbridge and the women housed at Southlands College in dormitories. Missing Countries Germany and Japan, the aggressors of World War II, were not invited to participate. The Soviet Union, although invited, also did not attend. Two New Items The 1948 Olympics saw the introduction of blocks, which are used to help start runners in sprint races. Also new was the very first, Olympic, indoor pool Empire Pool. Amazing Stories Badmouthed because of her older age (she was 30) and because she was a mother (of two young children), Dutch sprinter Fanny Blankers-Koen was determined to win a gold medal. She had participated in the 1936 Olympics, but the cancellation of the 1940 and 1944 Olympics meant that she had to wait 12 more years to get another shot at winning.  Blankers-Koen, often called the Flying Housewife or the Flying Dutchman, showed them all when she took home  four  gold medals, the first woman to do so. On the other side of the age-spectrum was 17-year-old Bob Mathias. When his high school coach had suggested he try out for the Olympics in the decathlon, Mathias didnt even know what that event was. Four months after starting training for it, Mathias won gold at the 1948 Olympics, becoming the youngest person to win a mens athletics event. (As of 2015, Mathias still holds that title.) One Major Snafu There was one major snafu at the Games. Though the United States had won the 400-meter relay by a full 18 feet, a judge ruled that one of the U.S. team members had passed the baton outside of the passing zone. Thus, the U.S. team was disqualified. The medals were handed out, the national anthems were played. The United States officially protested the ruling and after careful review of the films and photographs taken of the baton pass, the judges decided that the pass had been completely legal; thus the United States team was the real winner. The British team had to give up their gold medals and received silver medals (which had been given up by the Italian team). The Italian team then received the bronze medals which had been given up by the Hungarian team.

Journal 1 and 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Journal 1 and 2 - Essay Example In my mind, the concept of human security was shaped by the ideas and concepts from presidents and the media. It is not only about military power and being protected from other nations, as we should not trust the authorities. After reading the first section, I began to view the concept of human security in a different way. Indeed, most security issues nowadays come from domestic groups rather than outsiders. In fact, it is groups of people who are being ignored by the government or not taken seriously that are causing chaos and conflict in the state. For example, the main cause of the Arab Spring revolution was because the people wanted a change to their system and regime. They wanted a change that would provide them with all their basic needs, such as safety and respect. When this change did not happen, or was not accepted by their leaders, people started to rebel against their leaders and this created conflict in the country. In addition, as I included in my QIP reflection of secti on 1 of the book, the author indicated that to achieve human security patriarchy should be replaced with gender equality. For example, this means allowing women to get involved in making security decisions. Also, the institutions of war must be destroyed (Reardon and Ash Hans 111). ... However, the discrimination against women is not about men and women but it is about the roots of each person's origin. In other words, people who don't have Arab roots might be involved but not as deeply as the local people, where they get the chance to be ambassadors and take higher positions in the political field. In fact, the reason why people who have Iranian roots are not involved in the political system is because of distrust and suspicion that those people may cause conflict in the state. This discrimination increased a lot after the involvement of Iran in the revolution in Bahrain between the Sunnis and Shias. This also caused tension between the Sunnis and Shias in the most of the Gulf countries as well. Not involving women in the political sphere is not only about the idea that men are more powerful than women, it is also about other concepts, such as religion and trust. Moreover, women can find jobs in any other field easier than they do trying to get a job in politics. The teaching notes, A Gendered Analysis of Women, Power, War and Peace, written by Professor Barbara Wien, presented five feminist schools of thoughts: eco-feminism, liberal feminism, post-modernism, radical feminism, and difference feminism. I always heard about feminist schools of thought but I did not know what each one was called and what each stood for. The teaching notes helped me to understand the different feminism schools clearly, and I was impressed by many of the concepts that the schools stand for. For example, when it comes to the liberal feminist school of thought, it supports the fact that women are neither peaceful nor softer than men, but it also says

State or Critique Todays charges against the MNCs Essay

State or Critique Todays charges against the MNCs - Essay Example The global liberalization has paved the way for fast expansion and growth of MNC’s. The value added of all foreign affiliates of MNC’s as a percentage of world GDP increased from about 5 percent in the beginning of the 1980’s to nearly 7 percent in 1990’s and to 15 percent in 2000’s. The dominance of MNC’s is very clear when the contribution towards a country is seen. The GDP of most of the nations is smaller than the value of the annual turnover of multinational giants like Ford and General Motors. This allows MNC’s to play a crucial role to shape national and economic policies to their benefits. This is not acceptable as MNC’s induce competition among the existing firms and it encourages free enterprise through technology transfers. They work to equalize the cost of factors of production around the world. Â  When the MNC’s enter the host country, the local enterprises imitate the new technology brought by the MNC’s to improve their production efficiency; this is the direct technology spillover effect. The market competition pressure force the local firms to adopt more advanced technologies, which push the technological progress. In some cases, countries rely on MNC’s for most of their projects. In this case, MNC’s will be a great boon to the Public Sector too. In the case of employee’s salaries, the private sector pays more compared to the public sector and the work practices in private sector are more innovative compared to the routine based work in most of the public sectors. In these ways, MNC’s enrich Private sector as entry barriers are minimal here and starve the public sector due to high political pressures. MNC’s are characterized by high levels of spending and mostly they are inefficient compare to the management of a small firm where each activity is accountable to the core and efficient methods are followed. MNC’s